GREAT THINKERS Immanuel Kant

Major Works

• Critique of Pure Reason

  - Guyer, P., and Wood, A., (eds.), Critique of Pure Reason, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1998.
  Excerpt: Experience is no doubt the first product of our understanding, while employed in fashioning the raw material of our sensations. It is therefore our first instruction, and in its progress so rich in new lessons that the chain of all future generations… More

• Critique of the Power of Judgment

  - Guyer, P., (ed.), Critique of the Power of Judgment, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2001.
  Excerpt: We proceed quite correctly if, as usual, we divide Philosophy, as containing the principles of the rational cognition of things by means of concepts (not merely, as logic does, principles of the form of thought in general without distinction of… More

• Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals

  - Gregor, M. and Timmerman, J.  Trans. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2012.
  Excerpt: Ancient Greek philosophy was divided into three sciences: physics, ethics, and logic. Formal philosophy is called logic. Material philosophy, however, has to do with determinate objects and the laws to which they are subject, is again twofold; for… More

• Metaphysics of Morals

  - Gregor, M. Metaphysics of Morals, Cambridge University Press, 1996.
  Excerpt: The Science of Right has for its object the principles of all the laws which it is possible to promulgate by external legislation. Where there is such a legislation, it becomes, in actual application to it, a system of positive right and law; and he… More

• Critique of Practical Reason

  - Gregor, Mary J. (ed.) Critique of Practical Reason, Cambridge University Press, 1997.
  Excerpt: The theoretical use of reason was concerned with objects of the cognitive faculty only, and a critical examination of it with reference to this use applied properly only to the pure faculty of cognition; because this raised the suspicion, which was… More

Other Works

• Lectures on Metaphysics

  - Ameriks, K., and Naragon, S., (eds.), Lectures on Metaphysics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

• Opus Postumum

  - Förster, E., (ed.), Opus Postumum, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.  

• Practical Philosophy

  - Gregor, M., (ed.), Practical Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

• Notes and Fragments

  - Guyer, P., (ed.), Notes and Fragments, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

• Lectures on Ethics

  - Heath, P., and Schneewind, J., (eds.), Lectures on Ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

• Theoretical Philosophy, 1755–1770

  - Walford, D., and Meerbote, R., (eds.), Theoretical Philosophy, 1755–1770, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

• Religion and Rational Theology

  - Wood, A., and di Giovanni, G., (eds.), Religion and Rational Theology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press , 1996

• Lectures on Logic

  - Young, J., (ed.), Lectures on Logic, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

• Anthropology, History, and Education

  - Zöller, G., and Louden, R., (eds.), Anthropology, History, and Education, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007 .

Commentary

• A Commentary on Kant’s Critique of Practical Reason

  - Beck, L.,  A Commentary on Kant's Critique of Practical Reason, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1960.
  From the publisher: Few substantial philosophical treatises have been written in the same haste in which the Critique of Practical Reason was composed.  The book, however, shows a few of the signs of hurry that marred some of Kant’s other works.… More

• Laws of Freedom: A Study of Kant’s Method of Applying the Categorical Imperative in the Metaphysik der Sitten

  - Gregor, Mary, Laws of Freedom: A Study of Kant's Method of Applying the Categorical Imperative in the Metaphysik der Sitten, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1963.
  From a review: “The English speaking world waited 165 years for an adequate translation and a full study of Kant’s Metaphysik der Sitten,  and then in the course of one year got to translations of its long Introduction and Doctrine of Virtue as… More

• Kant’s Theory of Mental Activity

  - Wolff, Robert Paul, Kant's Theory of Mental Activity, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1963.
  From a review: “Professor Wolff holds —rightly, I think—that there are 3 keys to the Kantian doctrine. The 1st is the epistemological turn; that is, the progressive substitution of epistemological for ontological or metaphysical considerations.… More

• The Bounds of Sense: An Essay on Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason

  - Strawson, P.F., The Bounds of Sense: An Essay on Kant's Critique of Pure Reason, London: Methuen, 1966.
  From a review: No book on Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason is without its difficulties. On the one hand there is the tendency toward slavish exegesis, usually of the sort that avoids basic philosophical problems by submerging them in the very Kantian… More

• Early German Philosophy: Kant and His Predecessors

  - Beck, Lewis White, Early German Philosophy. Kant and His Predecessors, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1969.
  From review: “It is not very fashionable to write general “national” histories of philosophy. In 1946 H. W. Schneider published his history of American philosophy, while E. Garin’s history of Italian philosophy appeared in 1947; A.… More

• Kant’s Moral Religion

  - Wood, A., Kant's Moral Religion, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1970.
  From the publisher: In Kant’s Moral Religion, Allen W. Wood argues that Kant’s doctrine of religious belief if consistent with his best critical thinking and, in fact, that the “moral arguments”—along with the faith they… More

• Kant’s Political Thought: Its Origins and Development

  - Sauer, Hans, Kant’s Political Thought: Its Origins and Development, trans. E.B. Ashton, University of Chicago Press, 1973.
  From a review: For a civilization to build upon the human relationships of men and women it must  at least include the mechanism of decision-making that not only ensures a non-violence means of resolving conflicts but also enhances the general ends of the… More

• The Autonomy of Reason

  - Wolff, Robert Paul, The Autonomy of Reason. New York: Harper, 1973.
  Excerpt: “Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals is probably the most difficult short work in modern philosophical literature. Despite its great popularity—it is, after the Critique of Pure Reason, the most widely read and commented upon of… More

• Acting on Principle

  - O'Neill, Onora, Acting on Principle. New York: Columbia U. Press, 1975.
  Excerpt: “It is now hard to imagine how one promising the lines of thought in this book seemed to most people with an interest in philosophical ethics when I 1st worked on them in the late 1960s. Many were then still drawn to more or less positivist… More

• Kant and the Problem of History

  - Galston, W. Kant and the Problem of History, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980.
  From a review: “It may be argued that modern political thought has been primarily concerned with defending or discovering meaning in political life in the face of pervasive and the solvent skepticism engendered by post-Newtonian science and encouraged… More

• The Rights of Reason: A Study of Kant’s Philosophy and Politics

  - Meld Shell, Susan. The Rights of Reason: A Study of Kant’s Philosophy and Politics, Toronto and London: University of Toronto Press, 1980.
  From a review: So what little is available in English on Kant’s Rechtslehre that’s any book length treatments is welcome. Susan Shell’s book must be more than welcome since it brings a perception that is both deep and refreshing to a text… More

• Kant and the Philosophy of History

  - Yovel, Yirmiyahu, Kant and the Philosophy of History, Princeton: Princeton University Press,  1980.
  After an extended period of neglect, banana scholars in the past 2 decades have increasingly turned their attention to the role of history in bananas thoughts. The revival of Hegel in the English speaking world has stimulated interest in the  Kantian… More

• Kant’s Life and Thought

  - Cassirer, Ernst. Kant’s Life and Thought. James Haden (trans.), 1981.
  From the publisher: Here is the first Kant-biography in English since Paulsen’s and Cassirer’s only full-scale study of Kant’s philosophy. On a very deep level, all of Cassirer’s philosophy was based on Kant’s, and accordingly… More

• Kant’s Theory of Mind

  - Ameriks, K., Kant's Theory of Mind, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982.
  Excerpt: “Until recently cots philosophy of mind received little attention. This is remarkable for a number of reasons. The nature of the mind obviously should be of central importance in an idealistic philosophy such as Kant. Furthermore Kant’s… More

• Kant

  - Scruton, Roger Kant. New York: Oxford University Press, 1982.
  From the publisher: Emphasizing the continuity between his moral and aesthetic doctrines and the metaphysical basis in which they rest, the author explores Kant’s relation to Leibniz and Hume, and his attempt to construct a philosophy which was neither… More

• Kant’s Political Philosophy

  - Riley, Patrick, Kant's Political Philosophy, Totowa, N.J.: Rowman and Littlefield, 1983.
  From a review: While post-modernists and communitarians might seek to reinter the only recently revived body of Kant’s political thought, this collection indicates the continuing vitality of Kantianism. Howard Lloyd Williams has assembled thirteen… More

• Kant’s Political Philosophy

  - Howard Williams, Kant’s Political Philosophy, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1985.
  As a political philosopher, Kant has until recently been overshadowed by his compatriots Hegel and Marx. With his strong defense of the rights of the person and his deep insight into the strengths and weaknesses of modern society Kant, possibly more than any… More

• Interpreting the World: Kant’s Philosophy of History and Politics

  - Booth, W.J. Interpreting the World: Kant’s Philosophy of history and Politics. University of Toronto Press, 1986.
  From a review: “In his writings on history and politics Kant straddles a narrow divide between optimism and pessimism. On the one hand, the view of man in his pure moral philosophy is that of a dualistic, rationally incomplete individual who may,… More

• The Fate of Reason: German Philosophy from Kant to Fichte

  - Beiser, F.C. The Fate of Reason: German Philosophy from Kant to Fichte, Cambridge University Press, 1987.
  Excerpt: “During the period between Kant’s first Kritik and Fichte’s first Wissenschaftslehre (1781-1794),  full also furs and devoted themselves to a single fundamental problem. They returned again and again to this problem, though it… More

• The Coherence of Kant’s Doctrine of Freedom

  - Carnois, Bernard, The Coherence of Kant's Doctrine of Freedom. D. Booth, tr. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
  From the publisher: “The term freedom appears in many contexts in Kant’s work, ranging from the cosmological to the moral to the theological. Can the diverse meanings Kant gave to the term be ordered systematically? To ask that question is to… More

• Kant and the Claims of Knowledge

  - Guyer, P., Kant and the Claims of Knowledge, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.
  From the publisher: “This book offers a radically new account of the development and structure of the central arguments of Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason: the defense of the objective validity of such categories as substance, causation, and… More

• Immanuel Kant by Pierre Hassner

  - Hassner, Pierre “Immanuel Kant." Ed. Leo Strauss and Joseph Cropsey, The History of Political Philosophy. University of Chicago Press, 1987.
  Excerpt: “Kant has given politics a place both central and derivative in his philosophy. In his 3 chief works (Critique of Pure Reason, 1781; Critique of Practical Reason, 1788; Critique of Judgment, 1790) he speaks of politics rarely and only by… More

• The Art of Judgement

  - Caygill, Howard. The Art of Judgement, Oxford: Blackwell, 1989.
  From the publisher: This original reading of Kant’s third critique, “The Critique of Judgement-Power”, provides an innovative view of the role of judgement in current theoretical debates, in both the humanities and social sciences. Judgement… More

• Kant’s Transcendental Deductions

  - Förster, E., ed.,  Kant's Transcendental Deductions, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1989.
  From the publisher: “In Kant’s Transcendental Deductions , 14 of the leading Anglo-American and European Kant scholars present their research on the deductions, probably the most complex and fascinating aspects of Kant’s writings. The… More

• Constructions of Reason

  - O'Neill, Onora, Constructions of Reason, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
  From the publisher: Two centuries after they were published, Kant’s ethical writings are as much admired and imitated as they have ever been, yet serious and long-standing accusations of internal incoherence remain unresolved. Onora O’Neill traces… More

• Immanuel Kant’s Moral Theory

  - Sullivan, R., Immanuel Kant's Moral Theory, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
  From the publisher: “This comprehensive, lucid, and systematic commentary on Kant’s practical (or moral) philosophy is sure to become a standard reference work. Kant is arguably the most important moral philosopher of the modern period, yet, prior… More

• Freedom and the End of Reason by Richard Velkley

  - Velkley, R., Freedom and the End of Reason: On the Moral Foundation of Kant's Critical Philosophy, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1989.
  In this very significant work, Richard Velkley of Tulane University draws out the theoretical influence of Rousseau on Kant in a novel and exciting way. In so doing, he sheds new light on the meaning of key terms and topics in Rousseau’s practical and… More

• Kant’s Theory of Freedom

  - Allison, Henry. Kant’s Theory of Freedom, Cambridge University Press, 1990.
  From the publisher: In his new book the eminent Kant scholar Henry Allison provides an innovative and comprehensive interpretation of Kant’s concept of freedom. The author analyzes the concept and discusses the role it plays in Kant’s moral… More

• The Cambridge Companion to Kant

  - Guyer, P., (ed) The Cambridge Companion to Kant, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
  From the publisher: “The fundamental task of philosophy since the seventeenth century has been to determine whether the essential principles of both knowledge and action can be discovered by human beings unaided by an external agency. No one philosopher… More

• Dignity and Practical Reason in Kant’s Moral Theory

  - Hill, T., Dignity and Practical Reason in Kant's Moral Theory, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1992.
  From a review: This book brings together eleven papers on Kantian ethics which Thomas Hill wrote between 1971 and 1989. Nine of the eleven deal quite directly with the exegesis of Kantian texts on moral philosophy or the critical exposition of parts of… More

• Essays on Kant’s Political Philosophy

  - Williams, Howard (ed.), Essays on Kant's Political Philosophy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.
  As a political philosopher, Kant has until recently been overshadowed by his compatriots Hegel and Marx. With his strong defense of the rights of the person and his deep insight into the strengths and weaknesses of modern society Kant, possibly more than… More

• The Genesis of Kant’s Critique of Judgment

  - Zammito, John, The Genesis of Kant's Critique of Judgement, University of Chicago Press, 1992.
  From the publisher: In this philosophically sophisticated and historically significant work, John H. Zammito reconstructs Kant’s composition of The Critique of Judgment and reveals that it underwent three major transformations before publication. He… More

• The Practice of Moral Judgment

  - Herman, Barbara, The Practice of Moral Judgment. Cambridge, MA: Harvard U. P., 1993.
  From the publisher: “Barbara Herman argues for a radical shift in the way we perceive Kant’s ethics. She convincingly reinterprets the key texts, at once allowing Kant to mean what he says while showing that what Kant says makes good moral sense.… More

• Kant and Political Philosophy: The Contemporary Legacy

  - Beiner, Ronald and Booth, William (eds),  Kant and Political Philosophy: The Contemporary Legacy, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993.
  From the publisher: In recent years there has been a major revival of interest in the political philosophy of Immanuel Kant. Thinkers have looked to Kant’s theories about knowledge, history, the moral self and autonomy, and nature and aesthetics to seek… More

• The Unity of Reason: Essays on Kant’s Philosophy

  - D. Henrich, The Unity of Reason: Essays on Kant's Philosophy, Harvard University Press, 1994.
  From the publisher: Kant holds a key position in the history of modern philosophy as the last great figure to belong both to the Anglo-American analytic tradition and the Continental tradition. A scholar of Kant and German idealism, Dieter Henrich combines an… More

• The Unity of Reason

  - Nieman, S., The Unity of Reason, New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.
  From the publisher: The Unity of Reason is the first major study of Kant’s account of reason. It argues that Kant’s wide-ranging interests and goals can only be understood by redirecting attention from epistemological questions of his work to… More

• Kant and the Experience of Freedom: Essays on Aesthetics and Morality

  - Paul Guyer, Kant and the Experience of Freedom: Essays on Aesthetics and Morality, Cambridge University Press, 1996.
  Excerpt: ” In the present work I want to suggest that counts conception of the full range of natural and appropriate responses to at static objects, whether works of art were beauties of nature, does indeed go beyond the narrow formalism which is, to be… More

• Creating The Kingdom of Ends

  - Korsgaard, C.,Creating The Kingdom of Ends, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
  Excerpt: “For Immanuel Kant  the  death of  speculative metaphysics and the birth of the rights of man were not independent events. Together they constitute the resolution of the Enlightenment debates about the scope and power of reason. In the… More

• The Sources of Normativity

  - Korsgard, Christine, The Sources of Normativity. O. O'Neill, ed., New York: Cambridge U. P.,  1996.
  From the publisher: “Ethical concepts are, or purport to be, normative. They make claims on us: they command, oblige, recommend, or guide. Or at least when we invoke them, we make claims on one another; but where does their authority over us – or… More

• Kant and the Claims of Taste

  - Guyer, P., Kant and the Claims of Taste, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2nd edition, 1997.
  Excerpt: ” Like his critiques of theoretical and practical reason, Kant’s “critique of taste” is concerned with “part of the general problem of transcendental philosophy: how are synthetic a priori judgments possible?” On Kant’s… More

• Kant’s Ethical Thought

  - Wood, A., Kant's Ethical Thought. New York: Cambridge U. P., 1999.
  Excerpt: “Because the Enlightenment still influences the course of things, Kant’s ethical thoughts is the (direct or indirect) source of much that is now standard in normative theories and ethics, political philosophy, and public policy. Many… More

• An Introduction to Kant’s Critique of Judgment

  - Burnham, Douglas. An Introduction to Kant’s Critique of Judgment. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press [in the US, Columbia University Press], 2000.
  From the publisher: “Kant’s third Critique, the Critique of Judgement, is regarded as one of the most influential books in the history of aesthetics. This book is designed as a reader’s guide for students trying to work their way,… More

• Kant and Modern Political Philosophy

  - Flikschuh, Katrin, Kant and Modern Political Philosophy, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
  Excerpt: “It is a central claim of this book that the absorption of cots political thoughts into contemporary liberalism is partial at best. In many respects, cuts departures from contemporary liberalism are more interesting philosophically and more… More

• Kant’s Impure Ethics

  - Louden, Robert, Kant's Impure Ethics. New York: Oxford U. Press, 2000.
  From the publisher: This is the first book-length study in any language to examine in detail and critically assess the second part of Kant’s ethics–an empirical, impure part, which determines how best to apply pure principles to the human… More

• Kant: A Very Short Introduction

  - Scruton, Roger, Kant: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford: Oxford University Press,  2001.
  Scruton provides an accessible introduction that sketches Kant’s life and offers a useful summary of many major themes of Kant’s thought.

• Kant: A Biography

  - Kuehn, Manfred, Kant: A Biography, Cambridge University Press, 2001.
  Excerpt: “Immanuel Kant died  On February 12, 1804, at 11 AM, less than 2 months before his 80th birthday. Though he was still famous, German thinkers were engaged in trying to get “eon” his critical philosophy. He had become almost irrelevant. His… More

• Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason

  - Adorno, Theodor Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason. Stanford University Press, 2002.
  From the publisher: Kant is a pivotal thinker in Adorno’s intellectual world. Although he wrote monographs on Hegel, Husserl, and Kierkegaard, the closest Adorno came to an extended discussion of Kant are two lecture courses, one concentrating on the… More

• Selected Essays on Kant

  - Selected Essays on Kant (Series: North American Kant Society Studies in Philosophy), H. Robinson (ed.), Rochester: University of Rochester Press, 2002.
  From the publisher: The North American Kant Society was founded at the Sixth International Kant Congress, held at Pennsylvania State University in 1985. Lewis White Beck did not attend the congress, but his presence was felt throughout. In the years that… More

• Kant’s Transcendental Idealism

  - Allison, H., Kant's Transcendental Idealism, revised and expanded version, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004.
  Excerpt: “In spite of some sympathy shown in recent years for a vaguely Kantian sort of idealism or, better, anti-realism, which argues for the dependence of our conception of reality on our concepts and/or linguistic practices, cots transcendental… More

• Kant

  - Wood, Allen,  Kant, London: Blackwell, 2004.
  This lucid survey takes readers on a thought-provoking tour through the life and work of Immanuel Kant. The book provides expositions of Kant’s key works, especially his Critique of Pure Reason, and represents the broad range of his philosophical… More

• Kant on Just War by Susan Shell

  - Shell, Susan Meld, “Kant on Just War and 'Unjust Enemies': Reflections on a 'Pleonasm'.” Kant Studies, January, 2005.

   

  The following remarks are intended to help clarify Kant’s position on international right and, specifically, the so-called ‘right of war’. They are part of a more general study of Kant’s politics; but I also make them here in the hope that… More

• Kant’s System of Nature and Freedom

  - Guyer, Paul, Kant's System of Nature and Freedom, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
  Excerpt: “Was Kant a systematic philosopher? This is not an easy question to answer. Although he certainly borrowed many aspects of the outward organization of his critical philosophy from his great predecessor Christian Wolff, who covered all of the… More

• Kant on the Human Standpoint

  - Longuenesse, B., Kant on the Human Standpoint, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  From the publisher: Béatrice Longuenesse considers the three aspects of Kant’s philosophy, his epistemology and metaphysics of nature, moral philosophy, and aesthetic theory, under one unifying standpoint: Kant’s conception of our capacity to… More

• A Companion to Kant

  - Bird, Graham (ed.),  A Companion to Kant, Oxford: Blackwell, 2006.
  From the publisher: “This Companion provides an authoritative survey of the whole range of Kant’s work, giving readers an idea of its immense scope, its extraordinary achievement, and its continuing ability to generate philosophical interest.… More

• Kant by Paul Guyer

  - P. Guyer, Kant, London and New York: Routledge, 2006,
  From the publisher: Paul Guyer uses Kant’s central conception of autonomy as the key to all the major aspects and issues of Kant’s thought. Beginning with a helpful overview of Kant’s life and times, Guyer introduces Kant’s metaphysics and… More

• Aesthetics and Cognition in Kant’s Critical Philosophy

  - Kukla, R., (ed.), Aesthetics and Cognition in Kant's Critical Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
  From the publisher: “This 2006 volume explores the relationship between Kant’s aesthetic theory and his critical epistemology as articulated in the Critique of Pure Reason and the Critique of the Power of Judgment. The essays, written specially… More

• Kant on God

  - Byrne, Peter, 2007. Kant on God, Aldershot: Ashgate.
  Excerpt: “The theme of this book—the status of claims about God in the critical philosophy—gains its importance from a number of facts. One is that the critical philosophy displays an obvious bivalent or paradox in its concept of God. On the one… More

• Kant’s Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals: A Commentary

  - Timmermann, Jens, Kant's Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals: A Commentary. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
  From the publisher: “The Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals is Kant’s central contribution to moral philosophy, and has inspired controversy ever since it was first published in 1785. Kant champions the insights of ‘common human… More

• Between Kant and Hegel: Lectures on German Idealism

  - D. Henrich, Between Kant and Hegel: Lectures on German Idealism, Harvard University Press, Boston, 2008.
  From the publisher: Electrifying when first delivered in 1973, legendary in the years since, Dieter Henrich’s lectures on German Idealism were the first contact a major German philosopher had made with an American audience since the onset of World War… More

• Force and Freedom: Kant’s Legal and Political Philosophy

  - Ripstein, Arthur, Force and Freedom: Kant's Legal and Political Philosophy, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2009.
  Excerpt: “A political philosophy it is often thought of as an application of general moral principles to the factual circumstances that make political institutions necessary. For example, John Stuart Mill seeks to justify liberal institutions by showing… More

• Kant and the Limits of Autonomy by Susan Shell

  - Shell, Susan Meld, Kant and the Limits of Autonomy, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2009.
  From the publisher: Autonomy for Kant is not just a synonym for the capacity to choose, whether simple or deliberative. It is what the word literally implies: the imposition of a law on one’s own authority and out of one’s own rational resources. In Kant… More

• ‘Observations’ and ‘Remarks’: A Critical Guide

  - Shell, Susan and Velkley, Richard. Kant's 'Observations' and 'Remarks': A Critical Guide, Cambridge University Press, 2012.
  From the publisher: Kant’s Observations of 1764 and Remarks of 1764-1765 (a set of fragments written in the margins of his copy of the Observations) document a crucial turning point in his life and thought. Both reveal the growing importance for him of… More

Multimedia

• Leo Strauss Lectures

  - Audio Recording. Leo Strauss, "Seminar in Political Philosophy: Kant," Spring 1958, Leo Strauss Center.
  “Seminar in Political Philosophy: Kant” has 20 sessions, with audio files for all 20 sessions. Readings include Prolegomenon (Introduction), Critique of Pure Reason (prefaces and select passages), Idea for A Universal History with… More

• Audiobook: Perpetual Peace

  - LibriVox
  This essay, written in 1795, puts forth a plan for a lasting peace between nations and peoples. Kant puts forth necessary means to any peace, and argues that nations can be brought into federation with one another without loss of sovereignty. In one… More

• Audiobook: Critique of Pure Reason

  - LibriVox
  The Critique of Pure Reason, first published in 1781 with a second edition in 1787, has been called the most influential and important philosophical text of the modern age. Kant saw the Critique of Pure Reason as an attempt to bridge the gap between… More

• Sandel on Kant

  - Harvard University
  PART ONE: MIND YOUR MOTIVE Professor Sandel introduces Immanuel Kant, a challenging but influential philosopher. Kant rejects utilitarianism. He argues that each of us has certain fundamental duties and rights that take precedence over maximizing utility.… More

• Richard D. Winfield: Lecture Course on Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason

  - Audio Recording. Richard D. Winfield. Spring, 2010.
  This course is an examination of Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason in its entirety.

• Guyer: Kant, Autonomy, and Modernity

  - Paul Guyer, professor at University of Pennsylvania, speaks at the annual Fall lecture series of the School of Philosophy. October 15, 2010.

• Guyer: Interview on Kant, part 2

  - The Department of Ethics at the University of Lodz (Poland) interviews Prof. Paul Guyer on the meaning of Kant's philosophy in the modern world. The interview took place during the international conference "The Topicality of Kant's Philosophy of State and Law".

• Guyer: Interview on Kant, part 1

  - The Department of Ethics at the University of Lodz (Poland) interviews Prof. Paul Guyer on the meaning of Kant's philosophy in the modern world. The interview took place during the international conference "The Topicality of Kant's Philosophy of State and Law".

• Audiobook: On the Popular Judgment

  - LibriVox
  This tripartite essay, published variously as On the Popular Judgment (J. Richardson trans.), On the Old Saw (E.B. Ashton trans.), or On the Common Saying (both M.J. Gregor and H.B. Nisbet), Kant takes up the issue of the relation of theory to practice… More

• Audiobook: Critique of Practical Reason

  - LibriVox
  The Critique of Practical Reason (Kritik der praktischen Vernunft) is the second of Immanuel Kant’s three critiques, first published in 1788. It follows on from his Critique of Pure Reason and deals with his moral philosophy. The second Critique… More

• Audiobook: Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals

  - LibriVox
  The Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals, also known as The Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals or Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals or Grounding of the Metaphysics of Morals, is Immanuel Kant’s first contribution to moral… More

• Kant – Self and the Unity of Apperception 2

  - Part of Prof. Dan Robinson's lecture series on Kant's Critique of Pure Reason given at University of Oxford 2011 - Lecture 7

• Kant – Self and the Unity of Apperception 1

  - Part of Prof. Dan Robinson's lecture series on Kant's Critique of Pure Reason given at University of Oxford 2011 - Lecture 7

• Guyer: Hume, Kant, and the Passion for Reason

  - "Hume, Kant, and the Passion for Reason" by Professor Paul Guyer was presented as part of the prestigious Edinburgh Philosophy lecture series, the Nature of Knowledge Lectures.

• Tamar Gendler on Deontology

  - Video. Tamar Gendler, Yale Open Courses, Philosophy and the Science of Human Nature (PHIL 181), Lecture 13, Spring 2011.
  Professor Gendler opens with a final criticism of Utilitarianism from Bernard Williams: in some cases, a good person should feel reluctant to do an act which brings about the greatest happiness, even if it is the right thing to do. The second half of the… More

• Animating Ideas of Idealism: A Semantic Sonata in Kant and Hegel, Part 3

  - Robert Brandom gives the last of three lectures on his talk titled "Animating Ideas of Idealism: A Semantic Sonata in Kant and Hegel".

• Animating Ideas of Idealism: A Semantic Sonata in Kant and Hegel, Part 2

  - Robert Brandom gives the second of three lectures on his talk titled "Animating Ideas of Idealism: A Semantic Sonata in Kant and Hegel".

• Animating Ideas of Idealism: A Semantic Sonata in Kant and Hegel, Part 1

  - Robert Brandom gives the first of three lectures on his talk titled "Animating Ideas of Idealism: A Semantic Sonata in Kant and Hegel".

• Susan Shell on Kant on Politics and History

  - Susan Shell on Kant's views of politics and history, 12th readings in Kant Conference, Kallingrad, Russia, April 24, 2019.
  Susan Shell, professor of political philosophy at Boston College, discusses Kant’s views of politics and history.