Major Works

• Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals

  - Kant, Immanuel. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Translated by Mary Gregor and Jens Timmermann. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.
  Excerpt: “Ancient Greek philosophy was divided into three sciences: physics, ethics, and logic. Formal philosophy is called logic. Material philosophy, however, has to do with determinate objects and the laws to which they are subject, is again twofold;… More

• Metaphysics of Morals

  - Kant, Immanuel. The Metaphysics of Morals. Edited by Lara Denis. Translated by Mary Gregor. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.
  Excerpt: “The Science of Right has for its object the principles of all the laws which it is possible to promulgate by external legislation. Where there is such a legislation, it becomes, in actual application to it, a system of positive right and law;… More

• Critique of Practical Reason

  - Kant, Immanuel. Critique of Practical Reason. Edited and translated by Mary J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
  Excerpt: “The theoretical use of reason was concerned with objects of the cognitive faculty only, and a critical examination of it with reference to this use applied properly only to the pure faculty of cognition; because this raised the suspicion,… More

Commentary

• Laws of Freedom: A Study of Kant’s Method of Applying the Categorical Imperative in the Metaphysik der Sitten

  - Gregor, Mary, Laws of Freedom: A Study of Kant's Method of Applying the Categorical Imperative in the Metaphysik der Sitten, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1963.
  From a review: “The English speaking world waited 165 years for an adequate translation and a full study of Kant’s Metaphysik der Sitten,  and then in the course of one year got to translations of its long Introduction and Doctrine of Virtue as… More

• The Autonomy of Reason

  - Wolff, Robert Paul, The Autonomy of Reason. New York: Harper, 1973.
  Excerpt: “Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals is probably the most difficult short work in modern philosophical literature. Despite its great popularity—it is, after the Critique of Pure Reason, the most widely read and commented upon of… More

• The Rights of Reason: A Study of Kant’s Philosophy and Politics

  - Meld Shell, Susan. The Rights of Reason: A Study of Kant’s Philosophy and Politics, Toronto and London: University of Toronto Press, 1980.
  From a review: So what little is available in English on Kant’s Rechtslehre that’s any book length treatments is welcome. Susan Shell’s book must be more than welcome since it brings a perception that is both deep and refreshing to a text… More

• Kant’s Theory of Mind

  - Ameriks, K., Kant's Theory of Mind, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982.
  Excerpt: “Until recently cots philosophy of mind received little attention. This is remarkable for a number of reasons. The nature of the mind obviously should be of central importance in an idealistic philosophy such as Kant. Furthermore Kant’s… More

• The Coherence of Kant’s Doctrine of Freedom

  - Carnois, Bernard, The Coherence of Kant's Doctrine of Freedom. D. Booth, tr. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
  From the publisher: “The term freedom appears in many contexts in Kant’s work, ranging from the cosmological to the moral to the theological. Can the diverse meanings Kant gave to the term be ordered systematically? To ask that question is to… More

• Constructions of Reason

  - O'Neill, Onora, Constructions of Reason, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
  From the publisher: Two centuries after they were published, Kant’s ethical writings are as much admired and imitated as they have ever been, yet serious and long-standing accusations of internal incoherence remain unresolved. Onora O’Neill traces… More

• Freedom and the End of Reason by Richard Velkley

  - Velkley, Richard. Freedom and the End of Reason: On the Moral Foundation of Kant's Critical Philosophy. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1989.
  In this very significant work, Richard Velkley of Tulane University draws out the theoretical influence of Rousseau on Kant in a novel and exciting way. In so doing, he sheds new light on the meaning of key terms and topics in Rousseau’s practical and… More

• Kant’s Theory of Freedom

  - Allison, Henry. Kant’s Theory of Freedom, Cambridge University Press, 1990.
  From the publisher: In his new book the eminent Kant scholar Henry Allison provides an innovative and comprehensive interpretation of Kant’s concept of freedom. The author analyzes the concept and discusses the role it plays in Kant’s moral… More

• The Unity of Reason: Essays on Kant’s Philosophy

  - D. Henrich, The Unity of Reason: Essays on Kant's Philosophy, Harvard University Press, 1994.
  From the publisher: Kant holds a key position in the history of modern philosophy as the last great figure to belong both to the Anglo-American analytic tradition and the Continental tradition. A scholar of Kant and German idealism, Dieter Henrich combines an… More

• Kant and the Experience of Freedom: Essays on Aesthetics and Morality

  - Paul Guyer, Kant and the Experience of Freedom: Essays on Aesthetics and Morality, Cambridge University Press, 1996.
  Excerpt: ” In the present work I want to suggest that counts conception of the full range of natural and appropriate responses to at static objects, whether works of art were beauties of nature, does indeed go beyond the narrow formalism which is, to be… More

• Creating The Kingdom of Ends

  - Korsgaard, C.,Creating The Kingdom of Ends, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
  Excerpt: “For Immanuel Kant  the  death of  speculative metaphysics and the birth of the rights of man were not independent events. Together they constitute the resolution of the Enlightenment debates about the scope and power of reason. In the… More

• Kant’s System of Nature and Freedom

  - Guyer, Paul, Kant's System of Nature and Freedom, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
  Excerpt: “Was Kant a systematic philosopher? This is not an easy question to answer. Although he certainly borrowed many aspects of the outward organization of his critical philosophy from his great predecessor Christian Wolff, who covered all of the… More

• Force and Freedom: Kant’s Legal and Political Philosophy

  - Ripstein, Arthur, Force and Freedom: Kant's Legal and Political Philosophy, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2009.
  Excerpt: “A political philosophy it is often thought of as an application of general moral principles to the factual circumstances that make political institutions necessary. For example, John Stuart Mill seeks to justify liberal institutions by showing… More

• Kant and the Limits of Autonomy by Susan Shell

  - Shell, Susan Meld. Kant and the Limits of Autonomy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009.
  From the publisher: “Autonomy for Kant is not just a synonym for the capacity to choose, whether simple or deliberative. It is what the word literally implies: the imposition of a law on one’s own authority and out of one’s own rational resources.… More