Commentary

• “Benedict Spinoza” in History of Political Philosophy

  - Rosen, Stanley. “Benedict Spinoza" in History of Political Philosophy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987: 431–450.
  In his essay “Benedict Spinoza,” featured in History of Political Philosophy (1987), Stanley Rosen examines Spinoza’s political philosophy, highlighting his systematic defense of democracy and departure from traditional teleological views.… More

• Spinoza: An Introduction to His Philosophical Thought

  - Hampshire, Stuart. Spinoza: An Introduction to His Philosophical Thought. New York: Penguin Books, 1988.

• Spinoza’s Philosophy: An Outline

  - Harris, Errol E. Spinoza's Philosophy. Amherst: Humanity Books, 1993.
  From the Publisher: “Spinoza’s writings on metaphysics, ethics, and politics have had a remarkably diverse reception in recent times and have contributed to the current dialogue among philosophers, intellectual historians, and literary theorists.… More

• Spinoza: A Very Short Introduction by Roger Scruton

  - Scruton, Roger. Spinoza: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.
  From the Publisher: “Father of the Enlightenment and the last guardian of the medieval world, Spinoza made a brilliant attempt to reconcile the conflicting moral and intellectual demands of his epoch and to present a vision of man as simultaneously… More

• Spinoza: A Guide for the Perplexed

  - Jarrett, Charles. Spinoza: A Guide for the Perplexed. New York: Continuum, 2007.
  From the Publisher: “Continuum’s Guides for the Perplexed are clear, concise and accessible introductions to thinkers, writers and subjects that students and readers can find especially challenging. Concentrating specifically on what it is that… More

• Spinoza (Routledge Introduction)

  - Rocca, Michael Della. Spinoza. New York: Routledge, 2008.
  From the Publisher: “Renowned for his metaphysics, Spinoza made significant contributions to understanding the human mind, the emotions, moral philosophy, and political philosophy. Beginning with an overview of Spinoza’s life, Michael Della Rocca… More

• “Spinoza Today: The Current State of Spinoza Scholarship”

  - Duffy, Simon B. “Spinoza Today: The Current State of Spinoza Scholarship.” Intellectual History Review 19, no. 1 (2009): 111–132. doi:10.1080/17496970902722973.