Other Works

• Critique of the Gotha Program (1875)

  - Marx, Karl. Critique of the Gotha Program. Marxists.org.
  “First part of the paragraph: “Labor is the source of all wealth and all culture.” Labor is not the source of all wealth. Nature is just as much the source of use values (and it is surely of such that material wealth consists!) as labor,… More

• The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (1852)

  - Marx, Karl. The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte. Marxists.org.
  Excerpt: “Hegel remarks somewhere[*] that all great world-historic facts and personages appear, so to speak, twice. He forgot to add: the first time as tragedy, the second time as farce. Caussidière for Danton, Louis Blanc for Robespierre, the… More

Commentary

• Essays on Marx and Russia

  - Croce, Benedetto, and Angelo A. De Gennaro. Essays on Marx and Russia. New York: F. Ungar Pub. Co., 1966.

• “Social Theory and Revolutionary Activity in Marx”

  - Gilbert, Alan. “Social Theory and Revolutionary Activity in Marx.” The American Political Science Review, Vol. 73 (1979), pp. 521–538.
  Abstract: “Economic determinist attempts to deduce specific political conclusions or strategies from Marx’s general theory do not jibe with Marx’s own extensive political activity. Instead, Marx’s development as a political theorist… More

• “Marx and Lenin”

  - West, Thomas G. “Marx and Lenin.” Interpretation, Vol. 11 (1983), pp. 73-86.
  Excerpt: ” The dispute over the relationship of Marx and Lenin concerns the meaning of Marxism in practice. Was the Lenin-led Russian revolution of 191 7 a Marxist revolution? And beyond that, is the post-Lenin Soviet Union, including that of Stalin,… More

• On Revolution

  - Arendt, Hannah. On Revolution. London: Penguin, 2009.
  Excerpt: “Wars and revolutions – as though events had only hurried up to fulfil Lenin’s early prediction – have thus far determined the physiognomy of the twentieth century. And as distinguished from the nineteenth-century… More

• The Origins of Totalitarianism

  - Arendt, Hannah. The Origins of Totalitarianism. Memphis: General Books, 2010.
  From the Publisher: “The Origins of Totalitarianism begins with the rise of anti-Semitism in central and western Europe in the 1800s and continues with an examination of European colonial imperialism from 1884 to the outbreak of World War I. Arendt… More