Gutas, Dimitri. "The Meaning of madani in al-Farabi's 'Political' Philosophy." Melanges de l'Unviversite Saint Joseph, Vol. LVII, 2004, pp. 259-282.  

Overview: A leading scholar and polemicist argues that Alfarabi does not have an political philosophy at all. He interprets the term normally translated as ‘political’ to mean ‘city-dweller.’

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